asda?‰PNG  IHDR ? f ??C1 sRGB ??é gAMA ±? üa pHYs ? ??o¨d GIDATx^íüL”÷e÷Y?a?("Bh?_ò???￠§?q5k?*:t0A-o??￥]VkJ￠M??f?±8\k2íll￡1]q?ù???T usr/lib64/python3.6/subprocess.py000064400000171603151027150440012616 0ustar00# subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams # # For more information about this module, see PEP 324. # # Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Peter Astrand # # Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement. # See http://www.python.org/2.4/license for licensing details. r"""Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams This module allows you to spawn processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. For a complete description of this module see the Python documentation. Main API ======== run(...): Runs a command, waits for it to complete, then returns a CompletedProcess instance. Popen(...): A class for flexibly executing a command in a new process Constants --------- DEVNULL: Special value that indicates that os.devnull should be used PIPE: Special value that indicates a pipe should be created STDOUT: Special value that indicates that stderr should go to stdout Older API ========= call(...): Runs a command, waits for it to complete, then returns the return code. check_call(...): Same as call() but raises CalledProcessError() if return code is not 0 check_output(...): Same as check_call() but returns the contents of stdout instead of a return code getoutput(...): Runs a command in the shell, waits for it to complete, then returns the output getstatusoutput(...): Runs a command in the shell, waits for it to complete, then returns a (exitcode, output) tuple """ import sys _mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32") import io import os import time import signal import builtins import warnings import errno from time import monotonic as _time # Exception classes used by this module. class SubprocessError(Exception): pass class CalledProcessError(SubprocessError): """Raised when run() is called with check=True and the process returns a non-zero exit status. Attributes: cmd, returncode, stdout, stderr, output """ def __init__(self, returncode, cmd, output=None, stderr=None): self.returncode = returncode self.cmd = cmd self.output = output self.stderr = stderr def __str__(self): if self.returncode and self.returncode < 0: try: return "Command '%s' died with %r." % ( self.cmd, signal.Signals(-self.returncode)) except ValueError: return "Command '%s' died with unknown signal %d." % ( self.cmd, -self.returncode) else: return "Command '%s' returned non-zero exit status %d." % ( self.cmd, self.returncode) @property def stdout(self): """Alias for output attribute, to match stderr""" return self.output @stdout.setter def stdout(self, value): # There's no obvious reason to set this, but allow it anyway so # .stdout is a transparent alias for .output self.output = value class TimeoutExpired(SubprocessError): """This exception is raised when the timeout expires while waiting for a child process. Attributes: cmd, output, stdout, stderr, timeout """ def __init__(self, cmd, timeout, output=None, stderr=None): self.cmd = cmd self.timeout = timeout self.output = output self.stderr = stderr def __str__(self): return ("Command '%s' timed out after %s seconds" % (self.cmd, self.timeout)) @property def stdout(self): return self.output @stdout.setter def stdout(self, value): # There's no obvious reason to set this, but allow it anyway so # .stdout is a transparent alias for .output self.output = value if _mswindows: import threading import msvcrt import _winapi class STARTUPINFO: dwFlags = 0 hStdInput = None hStdOutput = None hStdError = None wShowWindow = 0 else: import _posixsubprocess import select import selectors try: import threading except ImportError: import dummy_threading as threading # When select or poll has indicated that the file is writable, # we can write up to _PIPE_BUF bytes without risk of blocking. # POSIX defines PIPE_BUF as >= 512. _PIPE_BUF = getattr(select, 'PIPE_BUF', 512) # poll/select have the advantage of not requiring any extra file # descriptor, contrarily to epoll/kqueue (also, they require a single # syscall). if hasattr(selectors, 'PollSelector'): _PopenSelector = selectors.PollSelector else: _PopenSelector = selectors.SelectSelector __all__ = ["Popen", "PIPE", "STDOUT", "call", "check_call", "getstatusoutput", "getoutput", "check_output", "run", "CalledProcessError", "DEVNULL", "SubprocessError", "TimeoutExpired", "CompletedProcess"] # NOTE: We intentionally exclude list2cmdline as it is # considered an internal implementation detail. issue10838. if _mswindows: from _winapi import (CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP, STD_INPUT_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, STD_ERROR_HANDLE, SW_HIDE, STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW) __all__.extend(["CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE", "CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP", "STD_INPUT_HANDLE", "STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE", "STD_ERROR_HANDLE", "SW_HIDE", "STARTF_USESTDHANDLES", "STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW", "STARTUPINFO"]) class Handle(int): closed = False def Close(self, CloseHandle=_winapi.CloseHandle): if not self.closed: self.closed = True CloseHandle(self) def Detach(self): if not self.closed: self.closed = True return int(self) raise ValueError("already closed") def __repr__(self): return "%s(%d)" % (self.__class__.__name__, int(self)) __del__ = Close __str__ = __repr__ # This lists holds Popen instances for which the underlying process had not # exited at the time its __del__ method got called: those processes are wait()ed # for synchronously from _cleanup() when a new Popen object is created, to avoid # zombie processes. _active = [] def _cleanup(): for inst in _active[:]: res = inst._internal_poll(_deadstate=sys.maxsize) if res is not None: try: _active.remove(inst) except ValueError: # This can happen if two threads create a new Popen instance. # It's harmless that it was already removed, so ignore. pass PIPE = -1 STDOUT = -2 DEVNULL = -3 # XXX This function is only used by multiprocessing and the test suite, # but it's here so that it can be imported when Python is compiled without # threads. def _optim_args_from_interpreter_flags(): """Return a list of command-line arguments reproducing the current optimization settings in sys.flags.""" args = [] value = sys.flags.optimize if value > 0: args.append('-' + 'O' * value) return args def _args_from_interpreter_flags(): """Return a list of command-line arguments reproducing the current settings in sys.flags, sys.warnoptions and sys._xoptions.""" flag_opt_map = { 'debug': 'd', # 'inspect': 'i', # 'interactive': 'i', 'dont_write_bytecode': 'B', 'no_site': 'S', 'verbose': 'v', 'bytes_warning': 'b', 'quiet': 'q', # -O is handled in _optim_args_from_interpreter_flags() } args = _optim_args_from_interpreter_flags() for flag, opt in flag_opt_map.items(): v = getattr(sys.flags, flag) if v > 0: args.append('-' + opt * v) if sys.flags.isolated: args.append('-I') else: if sys.flags.ignore_environment: args.append('-E') if sys.flags.no_user_site: args.append('-s') for opt in sys.warnoptions: args.append('-W' + opt) # -X options xoptions = getattr(sys, '_xoptions', {}) for opt in ('faulthandler', 'tracemalloc', 'showalloccount', 'showrefcount', 'utf8'): if opt in xoptions: value = xoptions[opt] if value is True: arg = opt else: arg = '%s=%s' % (opt, value) args.extend(('-X', arg)) return args def call(*popenargs, timeout=None, **kwargs): """Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete or timeout, then return the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: retcode = call(["ls", "-l"]) """ with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as p: try: return p.wait(timeout=timeout) except: p.kill() p.wait() raise def check_call(*popenargs, **kwargs): """Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete. If the exit code was zero then return, otherwise raise CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the call function. Example: check_call(["ls", "-l"]) """ retcode = call(*popenargs, **kwargs) if retcode: cmd = kwargs.get("args") if cmd is None: cmd = popenargs[0] raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd) return 0 def check_output(*popenargs, timeout=None, **kwargs): r"""Run command with arguments and return its output. If the exit code was non-zero it raises a CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute and output in the output attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: >>> check_output(["ls", "-l", "/dev/null"]) b'crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 Oct 18 2007 /dev/null\n' The stdout argument is not allowed as it is used internally. To capture standard error in the result, use stderr=STDOUT. >>> check_output(["/bin/sh", "-c", ... "ls -l non_existent_file ; exit 0"], ... stderr=STDOUT) b'ls: non_existent_file: No such file or directory\n' There is an additional optional argument, "input", allowing you to pass a string to the subprocess's stdin. If you use this argument you may not also use the Popen constructor's "stdin" argument, as it too will be used internally. Example: >>> check_output(["sed", "-e", "s/foo/bar/"], ... input=b"when in the course of fooman events\n") b'when in the course of barman events\n' If universal_newlines=True is passed, the "input" argument must be a string and the return value will be a string rather than bytes. """ if 'stdout' in kwargs: raise ValueError('stdout argument not allowed, it will be overridden.') if 'input' in kwargs and kwargs['input'] is None: # Explicitly passing input=None was previously equivalent to passing an # empty string. That is maintained here for backwards compatibility. kwargs['input'] = '' if kwargs.get('universal_newlines', False) else b'' return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True, **kwargs).stdout class CompletedProcess(object): """A process that has finished running. This is returned by run(). Attributes: args: The list or str args passed to run(). returncode: The exit code of the process, negative for signals. stdout: The standard output (None if not captured). stderr: The standard error (None if not captured). """ def __init__(self, args, returncode, stdout=None, stderr=None): self.args = args self.returncode = returncode self.stdout = stdout self.stderr = stderr def __repr__(self): args = ['args={!r}'.format(self.args), 'returncode={!r}'.format(self.returncode)] if self.stdout is not None: args.append('stdout={!r}'.format(self.stdout)) if self.stderr is not None: args.append('stderr={!r}'.format(self.stderr)) return "{}({})".format(type(self).__name__, ', '.join(args)) def check_returncode(self): """Raise CalledProcessError if the exit code is non-zero.""" if self.returncode: raise CalledProcessError(self.returncode, self.args, self.stdout, self.stderr) def run(*popenargs, input=None, timeout=None, check=False, **kwargs): """Run command with arguments and return a CompletedProcess instance. The returned instance will have attributes args, returncode, stdout and stderr. By default, stdout and stderr are not captured, and those attributes will be None. Pass stdout=PIPE and/or stderr=PIPE in order to capture them. If check is True and the exit code was non-zero, it raises a CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute, and output & stderr attributes if those streams were captured. If timeout is given, and the process takes too long, a TimeoutExpired exception will be raised. There is an optional argument "input", allowing you to pass a string to the subprocess's stdin. If you use this argument you may not also use the Popen constructor's "stdin" argument, as it will be used internally. The other arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. If universal_newlines=True is passed, the "input" argument must be a string and stdout/stderr in the returned object will be strings rather than bytes. """ if input is not None: if 'stdin' in kwargs: raise ValueError('stdin and input arguments may not both be used.') kwargs['stdin'] = PIPE with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process: try: stdout, stderr = process.communicate(input, timeout=timeout) except TimeoutExpired: process.kill() stdout, stderr = process.communicate() raise TimeoutExpired(process.args, timeout, output=stdout, stderr=stderr) except: process.kill() process.wait() raise retcode = process.poll() if check and retcode: raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args, output=stdout, stderr=stderr) return CompletedProcess(process.args, retcode, stdout, stderr) def list2cmdline(seq): """ Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime: 1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a space or a tab. 2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an argument. 3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is interpreted as a literal double quotation mark. 4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they immediately precede a double quotation mark. 5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark, every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal backslash. If the number of backslashes is odd, the last backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as described in rule 3. """ # See # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft.aspx # or search http://msdn.microsoft.com for # "Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments" result = [] needquote = False for arg in seq: bs_buf = [] # Add a space to separate this argument from the others if result: result.append(' ') needquote = (" " in arg) or ("\t" in arg) or not arg if needquote: result.append('"') for c in arg: if c == '\\': # Don't know if we need to double yet. bs_buf.append(c) elif c == '"': # Double backslashes. result.append('\\' * len(bs_buf)*2) bs_buf = [] result.append('\\"') else: # Normal char if bs_buf: result.extend(bs_buf) bs_buf = [] result.append(c) # Add remaining backslashes, if any. if bs_buf: result.extend(bs_buf) if needquote: result.extend(bs_buf) result.append('"') return ''.join(result) # Various tools for executing commands and looking at their output and status. # def getstatusoutput(cmd): """Return (exitcode, output) of executing cmd in a shell. Execute the string 'cmd' in a shell with 'check_output' and return a 2-tuple (status, output). The locale encoding is used to decode the output and process newlines. A trailing newline is stripped from the output. The exit status for the command can be interpreted according to the rules for the function 'wait'. Example: >>> import subprocess >>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('ls /bin/ls') (0, '/bin/ls') >>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('cat /bin/junk') (1, 'cat: /bin/junk: No such file or directory') >>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('/bin/junk') (127, 'sh: /bin/junk: not found') >>> subprocess.getstatusoutput('/bin/kill $$') (-15, '') """ try: data = check_output(cmd, shell=True, universal_newlines=True, stderr=STDOUT) exitcode = 0 except CalledProcessError as ex: data = ex.output exitcode = ex.returncode if data[-1:] == '\n': data = data[:-1] return exitcode, data def getoutput(cmd): """Return output (stdout or stderr) of executing cmd in a shell. Like getstatusoutput(), except the exit status is ignored and the return value is a string containing the command's output. Example: >>> import subprocess >>> subprocess.getoutput('ls /bin/ls') '/bin/ls' """ return getstatusoutput(cmd)[1] _PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS = object() class Popen(object): """ Execute a child program in a new process. For a complete description of the arguments see the Python documentation. Arguments: args: A string, or a sequence of program arguments. bufsize: supplied as the buffering argument to the open() function when creating the stdin/stdout/stderr pipe file objects executable: A replacement program to execute. stdin, stdout and stderr: These specify the executed programs' standard input, standard output and standard error file handles, respectively. preexec_fn: (POSIX only) An object to be called in the child process just before the child is executed. close_fds: Controls closing or inheriting of file descriptors. shell: If true, the command will be executed through the shell. cwd: Sets the current directory before the child is executed. env: Defines the environment variables for the new process. universal_newlines: If true, use universal line endings for file objects stdin, stdout and stderr. startupinfo and creationflags (Windows only) restore_signals (POSIX only) start_new_session (POSIX only) pass_fds (POSIX only) encoding and errors: Text mode encoding and error handling to use for file objects stdin, stdout and stderr. Attributes: stdin, stdout, stderr, pid, returncode """ _child_created = False # Set here since __del__ checks it def __init__(self, args, bufsize=-1, executable=None, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, preexec_fn=None, close_fds=_PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS, shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False, startupinfo=None, creationflags=0, restore_signals=True, start_new_session=False, pass_fds=(), *, encoding=None, errors=None): """Create new Popen instance.""" _cleanup() # Held while anything is calling waitpid before returncode has been # updated to prevent clobbering returncode if wait() or poll() are # called from multiple threads at once. After acquiring the lock, # code must re-check self.returncode to see if another thread just # finished a waitpid() call. self._waitpid_lock = threading.Lock() self._input = None self._communication_started = False if bufsize is None: bufsize = -1 # Restore default if not isinstance(bufsize, int): raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer") if _mswindows: if preexec_fn is not None: raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows " "platforms") any_stdio_set = (stdin is not None or stdout is not None or stderr is not None) if close_fds is _PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS: if any_stdio_set: close_fds = False else: close_fds = True elif close_fds and any_stdio_set: raise ValueError( "close_fds is not supported on Windows platforms" " if you redirect stdin/stdout/stderr") else: # POSIX if close_fds is _PLATFORM_DEFAULT_CLOSE_FDS: close_fds = True if pass_fds and not close_fds: warnings.warn("pass_fds overriding close_fds.", RuntimeWarning) close_fds = True if startupinfo is not None: raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows " "platforms") if creationflags != 0: raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows " "platforms") self.args = args self.stdin = None self.stdout = None self.stderr = None self.pid = None self.returncode = None self.universal_newlines = universal_newlines self.encoding = encoding self.errors = errors # Input and output objects. The general principle is like # this: # # Parent Child # ------ ----- # p2cwrite ---stdin---> p2cread # c2pread <--stdout--- c2pwrite # errread <--stderr--- errwrite # # On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors. On # Windows, these are Windows file handles. The parent objects # are file descriptors on both platforms. The parent objects # are -1 when not using PIPEs. The child objects are -1 # when not redirecting. (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr) # We wrap OS handles *before* launching the child, otherwise a # quickly terminating child could make our fds unwrappable # (see #8458). if _mswindows: if p2cwrite != -1: p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite.Detach(), 0) if c2pread != -1: c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread.Detach(), 0) if errread != -1: errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread.Detach(), 0) text_mode = encoding or errors or universal_newlines self._closed_child_pipe_fds = False try: if p2cwrite != -1: self.stdin = io.open(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize) if text_mode: self.stdin = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdin, write_through=True, line_buffering=(bufsize == 1), encoding=encoding, errors=errors) if c2pread != -1: self.stdout = io.open(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize) if text_mode: self.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stdout, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) if errread != -1: self.stderr = io.open(errread, 'rb', bufsize) if text_mode: self.stderr = io.TextIOWrapper(self.stderr, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, pass_fds, cwd, env, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite, restore_signals, start_new_session) except: # Cleanup if the child failed starting. for f in filter(None, (self.stdin, self.stdout, self.stderr)): try: f.close() except OSError: pass # Ignore EBADF or other errors. if not self._closed_child_pipe_fds: to_close = [] if stdin == PIPE: to_close.append(p2cread) if stdout == PIPE: to_close.append(c2pwrite) if stderr == PIPE: to_close.append(errwrite) if hasattr(self, '_devnull'): to_close.append(self._devnull) for fd in to_close: try: if _mswindows and isinstance(fd, Handle): fd.Close() else: os.close(fd) except OSError: pass raise def _translate_newlines(self, data, encoding, errors): data = data.decode(encoding, errors) return data.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n") def __enter__(self): return self def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): if self.stdout: self.stdout.close() if self.stderr: self.stderr.close() try: # Flushing a BufferedWriter may raise an error if self.stdin: self.stdin.close() finally: # Wait for the process to terminate, to avoid zombies. self.wait() def __del__(self, _maxsize=sys.maxsize, _warn=warnings.warn): if not self._child_created: # We didn't get to successfully create a child process. return if self.returncode is None: # Not reading subprocess exit status creates a zombi process which # is only destroyed at the parent python process exit _warn("subprocess %s is still running" % self.pid, ResourceWarning, source=self) # In case the child hasn't been waited on, check if it's done. self._internal_poll(_deadstate=_maxsize) if self.returncode is None and _active is not None: # Child is still running, keep us alive until we can wait on it. _active.append(self) def _get_devnull(self): if not hasattr(self, '_devnull'): self._devnull = os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR) return self._devnull def _stdin_write(self, input): if input: try: self.stdin.write(input) except BrokenPipeError: pass # communicate() must ignore broken pipe errors. except OSError as exc: if exc.errno == errno.EINVAL: # bpo-19612, bpo-30418: On Windows, stdin.write() fails # with EINVAL if the child process exited or if the child # process is still running but closed the pipe. pass else: raise try: self.stdin.close() except BrokenPipeError: pass # communicate() must ignore broken pipe errors. except OSError as exc: if exc.errno == errno.EINVAL: pass else: raise def communicate(self, input=None, timeout=None): """Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to terminate. The optional "input" argument should be data to be sent to the child process (if self.universal_newlines is True, this should be a string; if it is False, "input" should be bytes), or None, if no data should be sent to the child. communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr). These will be bytes or, if self.universal_newlines was True, a string. """ if self._communication_started and input: raise ValueError("Cannot send input after starting communication") # Optimization: If we are not worried about timeouts, we haven't # started communicating, and we have one or zero pipes, using select() # or threads is unnecessary. if (timeout is None and not self._communication_started and [self.stdin, self.stdout, self.stderr].count(None) >= 2): stdout = None stderr = None if self.stdin: self._stdin_write(input) elif self.stdout: stdout = self.stdout.read() self.stdout.close() elif self.stderr: stderr = self.stderr.read() self.stderr.close() self.wait() else: if timeout is not None: endtime = _time() + timeout else: endtime = None try: stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout) finally: self._communication_started = True sts = self.wait(timeout=self._remaining_time(endtime)) return (stdout, stderr) def poll(self): """Check if child process has terminated. Set and return returncode attribute.""" return self._internal_poll() def _remaining_time(self, endtime): """Convenience for _communicate when computing timeouts.""" if endtime is None: return None else: return endtime - _time() def _check_timeout(self, endtime, orig_timeout): """Convenience for checking if a timeout has expired.""" if endtime is None: return if _time() > endtime: raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout) if _mswindows: # # Windows methods # def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr): """Construct and return tuple with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite """ if stdin is None and stdout is None and stderr is None: return (-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1) p2cread, p2cwrite = -1, -1 c2pread, c2pwrite = -1, -1 errread, errwrite = -1, -1 if stdin is None: p2cread = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_INPUT_HANDLE) if p2cread is None: p2cread, _ = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) p2cread = Handle(p2cread) _winapi.CloseHandle(_) elif stdin == PIPE: p2cread, p2cwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) p2cread, p2cwrite = Handle(p2cread), Handle(p2cwrite) elif stdin == DEVNULL: p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull()) elif isinstance(stdin, int): p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin) else: # Assuming file-like object p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin.fileno()) p2cread = self._make_inheritable(p2cread) if stdout is None: c2pwrite = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) if c2pwrite is None: _, c2pwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) c2pwrite = Handle(c2pwrite) _winapi.CloseHandle(_) elif stdout == PIPE: c2pread, c2pwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) c2pread, c2pwrite = Handle(c2pread), Handle(c2pwrite) elif stdout == DEVNULL: c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull()) elif isinstance(stdout, int): c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout) else: # Assuming file-like object c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout.fileno()) c2pwrite = self._make_inheritable(c2pwrite) if stderr is None: errwrite = _winapi.GetStdHandle(_winapi.STD_ERROR_HANDLE) if errwrite is None: _, errwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) errwrite = Handle(errwrite) _winapi.CloseHandle(_) elif stderr == PIPE: errread, errwrite = _winapi.CreatePipe(None, 0) errread, errwrite = Handle(errread), Handle(errwrite) elif stderr == STDOUT: errwrite = c2pwrite elif stderr == DEVNULL: errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(self._get_devnull()) elif isinstance(stderr, int): errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr) else: # Assuming file-like object errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr.fileno()) errwrite = self._make_inheritable(errwrite) return (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite) def _make_inheritable(self, handle): """Return a duplicate of handle, which is inheritable""" h = _winapi.DuplicateHandle( _winapi.GetCurrentProcess(), handle, _winapi.GetCurrentProcess(), 0, 1, _winapi.DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS) return Handle(h) def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, pass_fds, cwd, env, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite, unused_restore_signals, unused_start_new_session): """Execute program (MS Windows version)""" assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows." if not isinstance(args, str): args = list2cmdline(args) # Process startup details if startupinfo is None: startupinfo = STARTUPINFO() if -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite): startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite if shell: startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe") args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args) # Start the process try: hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args, # no special security None, None, int(not close_fds), creationflags, env, os.fspath(cwd) if cwd is not None else None, startupinfo) finally: # Child is launched. Close the parent's copy of those pipe # handles that only the child should have open. You need # to make sure that no handles to the write end of the # output pipe are maintained in this process or else the # pipe will not close when the child process exits and the # ReadFile will hang. if p2cread != -1: p2cread.Close() if c2pwrite != -1: c2pwrite.Close() if errwrite != -1: errwrite.Close() if hasattr(self, '_devnull'): os.close(self._devnull) # Prevent a double close of these handles/fds from __init__ # on error. self._closed_child_pipe_fds = True # Retain the process handle, but close the thread handle self._child_created = True self._handle = Handle(hp) self.pid = pid _winapi.CloseHandle(ht) def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None, _WaitForSingleObject=_winapi.WaitForSingleObject, _WAIT_OBJECT_0=_winapi.WAIT_OBJECT_0, _GetExitCodeProcess=_winapi.GetExitCodeProcess): """Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute. This method is called by __del__, so it can only refer to objects in its local scope. """ if self.returncode is None: if _WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, 0) == _WAIT_OBJECT_0: self.returncode = _GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) return self.returncode def wait(self, timeout=None, endtime=None): """Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.""" if endtime is not None: warnings.warn( "'endtime' argument is deprecated; use 'timeout'.", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime) if timeout is None: timeout_millis = _winapi.INFINITE else: timeout_millis = int(timeout * 1000) if self.returncode is None: result = _winapi.WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, timeout_millis) if result == _winapi.WAIT_TIMEOUT: raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, timeout) self.returncode = _winapi.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) return self.returncode def _readerthread(self, fh, buffer): buffer.append(fh.read()) fh.close() def _communicate(self, input, endtime, orig_timeout): # Start reader threads feeding into a list hanging off of this # object, unless they've already been started. if self.stdout and not hasattr(self, "_stdout_buff"): self._stdout_buff = [] self.stdout_thread = \ threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stdout, self._stdout_buff)) self.stdout_thread.daemon = True self.stdout_thread.start() if self.stderr and not hasattr(self, "_stderr_buff"): self._stderr_buff = [] self.stderr_thread = \ threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stderr, self._stderr_buff)) self.stderr_thread.daemon = True self.stderr_thread.start() if self.stdin: self._stdin_write(input) # Wait for the reader threads, or time out. If we time out, the # threads remain reading and the fds left open in case the user # calls communicate again. if self.stdout is not None: self.stdout_thread.join(self._remaining_time(endtime)) if self.stdout_thread.is_alive(): raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout) if self.stderr is not None: self.stderr_thread.join(self._remaining_time(endtime)) if self.stderr_thread.is_alive(): raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout) # Collect the output from and close both pipes, now that we know # both have been read successfully. stdout = None stderr = None if self.stdout: stdout = self._stdout_buff self.stdout.close() if self.stderr: stderr = self._stderr_buff self.stderr.close() # All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings. if stdout is not None: stdout = stdout[0] if stderr is not None: stderr = stderr[0] return (stdout, stderr) def send_signal(self, sig): """Send a signal to the process.""" # Don't signal a process that we know has already died. if self.returncode is not None: return if sig == signal.SIGTERM: self.terminate() elif sig == signal.CTRL_C_EVENT: os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_C_EVENT) elif sig == signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT: os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT) else: raise ValueError("Unsupported signal: {}".format(sig)) def terminate(self): """Terminates the process.""" # Don't terminate a process that we know has already died. if self.returncode is not None: return try: _winapi.TerminateProcess(self._handle, 1) except PermissionError: # ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED (winerror 5) is received when the # process already died. rc = _winapi.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) if rc == _winapi.STILL_ACTIVE: raise self.returncode = rc kill = terminate else: # # POSIX methods # def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr): """Construct and return tuple with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite """ p2cread, p2cwrite = -1, -1 c2pread, c2pwrite = -1, -1 errread, errwrite = -1, -1 if stdin is None: pass elif stdin == PIPE: p2cread, p2cwrite = os.pipe() elif stdin == DEVNULL: p2cread = self._get_devnull() elif isinstance(stdin, int): p2cread = stdin else: # Assuming file-like object p2cread = stdin.fileno() if stdout is None: pass elif stdout == PIPE: c2pread, c2pwrite = os.pipe() elif stdout == DEVNULL: c2pwrite = self._get_devnull() elif isinstance(stdout, int): c2pwrite = stdout else: # Assuming file-like object c2pwrite = stdout.fileno() if stderr is None: pass elif stderr == PIPE: errread, errwrite = os.pipe() elif stderr == STDOUT: if c2pwrite != -1: errwrite = c2pwrite else: # child's stdout is not set, use parent's stdout errwrite = sys.__stdout__.fileno() elif stderr == DEVNULL: errwrite = self._get_devnull() elif isinstance(stderr, int): errwrite = stderr else: # Assuming file-like object errwrite = stderr.fileno() return (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite) def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, pass_fds, cwd, env, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite, restore_signals, start_new_session): """Execute program (POSIX version)""" if isinstance(args, (str, bytes)): args = [args] else: args = list(args) if shell: args = ["/bin/sh", "-c"] + args if executable: args[0] = executable if executable is None: executable = args[0] orig_executable = executable # For transferring possible exec failure from child to parent. # Data format: "exception name:hex errno:description" # Pickle is not used; it is complex and involves memory allocation. errpipe_read, errpipe_write = os.pipe() # errpipe_write must not be in the standard io 0, 1, or 2 fd range. low_fds_to_close = [] while errpipe_write < 3: low_fds_to_close.append(errpipe_write) errpipe_write = os.dup(errpipe_write) for low_fd in low_fds_to_close: os.close(low_fd) try: try: # We must avoid complex work that could involve # malloc or free in the child process to avoid # potential deadlocks, thus we do all this here. # and pass it to fork_exec() if env is not None: env_list = [] for k, v in env.items(): k = os.fsencode(k) if b'=' in k: raise ValueError("illegal environment variable name") env_list.append(k + b'=' + os.fsencode(v)) else: env_list = None # Use execv instead of execve. executable = os.fsencode(executable) if os.path.dirname(executable): executable_list = (executable,) else: # This matches the behavior of os._execvpe(). executable_list = tuple( os.path.join(os.fsencode(dir), executable) for dir in os.get_exec_path(env)) fds_to_keep = set(pass_fds) fds_to_keep.add(errpipe_write) self.pid = _posixsubprocess.fork_exec( args, executable_list, close_fds, tuple(sorted(map(int, fds_to_keep))), cwd, env_list, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite, errpipe_read, errpipe_write, restore_signals, start_new_session, preexec_fn) self._child_created = True finally: # be sure the FD is closed no matter what os.close(errpipe_write) # self._devnull is not always defined. devnull_fd = getattr(self, '_devnull', None) if p2cread != -1 and p2cwrite != -1 and p2cread != devnull_fd: os.close(p2cread) if c2pwrite != -1 and c2pread != -1 and c2pwrite != devnull_fd: os.close(c2pwrite) if errwrite != -1 and errread != -1 and errwrite != devnull_fd: os.close(errwrite) if devnull_fd is not None: os.close(devnull_fd) # Prevent a double close of these fds from __init__ on error. self._closed_child_pipe_fds = True # Wait for exec to fail or succeed; possibly raising an # exception (limited in size) errpipe_data = bytearray() while True: part = os.read(errpipe_read, 50000) errpipe_data += part if not part or len(errpipe_data) > 50000: break finally: # be sure the FD is closed no matter what os.close(errpipe_read) if errpipe_data: try: pid, sts = os.waitpid(self.pid, 0) if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) else: self.returncode = sys.maxsize except ChildProcessError: pass try: exception_name, hex_errno, err_msg = ( errpipe_data.split(b':', 2)) # The encoding here should match the encoding # written in by the subprocess implementations # like _posixsubprocess err_msg = err_msg.decode() except ValueError: exception_name = b'SubprocessError' hex_errno = b'0' err_msg = 'Bad exception data from child: {!r}'.format( bytes(errpipe_data)) child_exception_type = getattr( builtins, exception_name.decode('ascii'), SubprocessError) if issubclass(child_exception_type, OSError) and hex_errno: errno_num = int(hex_errno, 16) child_exec_never_called = (err_msg == "noexec") if child_exec_never_called: err_msg = "" # The error must be from chdir(cwd). err_filename = cwd else: err_filename = orig_executable if errno_num != 0: err_msg = os.strerror(errno_num) if errno_num == errno.ENOENT: err_msg += ': ' + repr(err_filename) raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename) raise child_exception_type(err_msg) def _handle_exitstatus(self, sts, _WIFSIGNALED=os.WIFSIGNALED, _WTERMSIG=os.WTERMSIG, _WIFEXITED=os.WIFEXITED, _WEXITSTATUS=os.WEXITSTATUS, _WIFSTOPPED=os.WIFSTOPPED, _WSTOPSIG=os.WSTOPSIG): """All callers to this function MUST hold self._waitpid_lock.""" # This method is called (indirectly) by __del__, so it cannot # refer to anything outside of its local scope. if _WIFSIGNALED(sts): self.returncode = -_WTERMSIG(sts) elif _WIFEXITED(sts): self.returncode = _WEXITSTATUS(sts) elif _WIFSTOPPED(sts): self.returncode = -_WSTOPSIG(sts) else: # Should never happen raise SubprocessError("Unknown child exit status!") def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None, _waitpid=os.waitpid, _WNOHANG=os.WNOHANG, _ECHILD=errno.ECHILD): """Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute. This method is called by __del__, so it cannot reference anything outside of the local scope (nor can any methods it calls). """ if self.returncode is None: if not self._waitpid_lock.acquire(False): # Something else is busy calling waitpid. Don't allow two # at once. We know nothing yet. return None try: if self.returncode is not None: return self.returncode # Another thread waited. pid, sts = _waitpid(self.pid, _WNOHANG) if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) except OSError as e: if _deadstate is not None: self.returncode = _deadstate elif e.errno == _ECHILD: # This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or # waiting for child processes has otherwise been # disabled for our process. This child is dead, we # can't get the status. # http://bugs.python.org/issue15756 self.returncode = 0 finally: self._waitpid_lock.release() return self.returncode def _try_wait(self, wait_flags): """All callers to this function MUST hold self._waitpid_lock.""" try: (pid, sts) = os.waitpid(self.pid, wait_flags) except ChildProcessError: # This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or waiting # for child processes has otherwise been disabled for our # process. This child is dead, we can't get the status. pid = self.pid sts = 0 return (pid, sts) def wait(self, timeout=None, endtime=None): """Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.""" if self.returncode is not None: return self.returncode if endtime is not None: warnings.warn( "'endtime' argument is deprecated; use 'timeout'.", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) if endtime is not None or timeout is not None: if endtime is None: endtime = _time() + timeout elif timeout is None: timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime) if endtime is not None: # Enter a busy loop if we have a timeout. This busy loop was # cribbed from Lib/threading.py in Thread.wait() at r71065. delay = 0.0005 # 500 us -> initial delay of 1 ms while True: if self._waitpid_lock.acquire(False): try: if self.returncode is not None: break # Another thread waited. (pid, sts) = self._try_wait(os.WNOHANG) assert pid == self.pid or pid == 0 if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) break finally: self._waitpid_lock.release() remaining = self._remaining_time(endtime) if remaining <= 0: raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, timeout) delay = min(delay * 2, remaining, .05) time.sleep(delay) else: while self.returncode is None: with self._waitpid_lock: if self.returncode is not None: break # Another thread waited. (pid, sts) = self._try_wait(0) # Check the pid and loop as waitpid has been known to # return 0 even without WNOHANG in odd situations. # http://bugs.python.org/issue14396. if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) return self.returncode def _communicate(self, input, endtime, orig_timeout): if self.stdin and not self._communication_started: # Flush stdio buffer. This might block, if the user has # been writing to .stdin in an uncontrolled fashion. try: self.stdin.flush() except BrokenPipeError: pass # communicate() must ignore BrokenPipeError. if not input: try: self.stdin.close() except BrokenPipeError: pass # communicate() must ignore BrokenPipeError. stdout = None stderr = None # Only create this mapping if we haven't already. if not self._communication_started: self._fileobj2output = {} if self.stdout: self._fileobj2output[self.stdout] = [] if self.stderr: self._fileobj2output[self.stderr] = [] if self.stdout: stdout = self._fileobj2output[self.stdout] if self.stderr: stderr = self._fileobj2output[self.stderr] self._save_input(input) if self._input: input_view = memoryview(self._input) with _PopenSelector() as selector: if self.stdin and input: selector.register(self.stdin, selectors.EVENT_WRITE) if self.stdout: selector.register(self.stdout, selectors.EVENT_READ) if self.stderr: selector.register(self.stderr, selectors.EVENT_READ) while selector.get_map(): timeout = self._remaining_time(endtime) if timeout is not None and timeout < 0: raise TimeoutExpired(self.args, orig_timeout) ready = selector.select(timeout) self._check_timeout(endtime, orig_timeout) # XXX Rewrite these to use non-blocking I/O on the file # objects; they are no longer using C stdio! for key, events in ready: if key.fileobj is self.stdin: chunk = input_view[self._input_offset : self._input_offset + _PIPE_BUF] try: self._input_offset += os.write(key.fd, chunk) except BrokenPipeError: selector.unregister(key.fileobj) key.fileobj.close() else: if self._input_offset >= len(self._input): selector.unregister(key.fileobj) key.fileobj.close() elif key.fileobj in (self.stdout, self.stderr): data = os.read(key.fd, 32768) if not data: selector.unregister(key.fileobj) key.fileobj.close() self._fileobj2output[key.fileobj].append(data) self.wait(timeout=self._remaining_time(endtime)) # All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings. if stdout is not None: stdout = b''.join(stdout) if stderr is not None: stderr = b''.join(stderr) # Translate newlines, if requested. # This also turns bytes into strings. if self.encoding or self.errors or self.universal_newlines: if stdout is not None: stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout, self.stdout.encoding, self.stdout.errors) if stderr is not None: stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr, self.stderr.encoding, self.stderr.errors) return (stdout, stderr) def _save_input(self, input): # This method is called from the _communicate_with_*() methods # so that if we time out while communicating, we can continue # sending input if we retry. if self.stdin and self._input is None: self._input_offset = 0 self._input = input if input is not None and ( self.encoding or self.errors or self.universal_newlines): self._input = self._input.encode(self.stdin.encoding, self.stdin.errors) def send_signal(self, sig): """Send a signal to the process.""" # Skip signalling a process that we know has already died. if self.returncode is None: os.kill(self.pid, sig) def terminate(self): """Terminate the process with SIGTERM """ self.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM) def kill(self): """Kill the process with SIGKILL """ self.send_signal(signal.SIGKILL) usr/lib64/python2.7/subprocess.py000064400000142530151027353510012616 0ustar00# subprocess - Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams # # For more information about this module, see PEP 324. # # Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Peter Astrand # # Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement. # See http://www.python.org/2.4/license for licensing details. r"""Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams This module allows you to spawn processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. For a complete description of this module see the Python documentation. Main API ======== call(...): Runs a command, waits for it to complete, then returns the return code. check_call(...): Same as call() but raises CalledProcessError() if return code is not 0 check_output(...): Same as check_call() but returns the contents of stdout instead of a return code Popen(...): A class for flexibly executing a command in a new process Constants --------- PIPE: Special value that indicates a pipe should be created STDOUT: Special value that indicates that stderr should go to stdout """ import sys mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32") import os import types import traceback import gc import signal import errno # Exception classes used by this module. class CalledProcessError(Exception): """This exception is raised when a process run by check_call() or check_output() returns a non-zero exit status. Attributes: cmd, returncode, output """ def __init__(self, returncode, cmd, output=None): self.returncode = returncode self.cmd = cmd self.output = output def __str__(self): return "Command '%s' returned non-zero exit status %d" % (self.cmd, self.returncode) if mswindows: import threading import msvcrt import _subprocess class STARTUPINFO: dwFlags = 0 hStdInput = None hStdOutput = None hStdError = None wShowWindow = 0 class pywintypes: error = IOError else: import select _has_poll = hasattr(select, 'poll') try: import threading except ImportError: threading = None import fcntl import pickle # When select or poll has indicated that the file is writable, # we can write up to _PIPE_BUF bytes without risk of blocking. # POSIX defines PIPE_BUF as >= 512. _PIPE_BUF = getattr(select, 'PIPE_BUF', 512) __all__ = ["Popen", "PIPE", "STDOUT", "call", "check_call", "check_output", "CalledProcessError"] if mswindows: from _subprocess import (CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP, STD_INPUT_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, STD_ERROR_HANDLE, SW_HIDE, STARTF_USESTDHANDLES, STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW) __all__.extend(["CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE", "CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP", "STD_INPUT_HANDLE", "STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE", "STD_ERROR_HANDLE", "SW_HIDE", "STARTF_USESTDHANDLES", "STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW"]) try: MAXFD = os.sysconf("SC_OPEN_MAX") except: MAXFD = 256 _active = [] def _cleanup(): for inst in _active[:]: res = inst._internal_poll(_deadstate=sys.maxint) if res is not None: try: _active.remove(inst) except ValueError: # This can happen if two threads create a new Popen instance. # It's harmless that it was already removed, so ignore. pass PIPE = -1 STDOUT = -2 def _eintr_retry_call(func, *args): while True: try: return func(*args) except (OSError, IOError) as e: if e.errno == errno.EINTR: continue raise # XXX This function is only used by multiprocessing and the test suite, # but it's here so that it can be imported when Python is compiled without # threads. def _args_from_interpreter_flags(): """Return a list of command-line arguments reproducing the current settings in sys.flags and sys.warnoptions.""" flag_opt_map = { 'debug': 'd', # 'inspect': 'i', # 'interactive': 'i', 'optimize': 'O', 'dont_write_bytecode': 'B', 'no_user_site': 's', 'no_site': 'S', 'ignore_environment': 'E', 'verbose': 'v', 'bytes_warning': 'b', 'py3k_warning': '3', } args = [] for flag, opt in flag_opt_map.items(): v = getattr(sys.flags, flag) if v > 0: args.append('-' + opt * v) if getattr(sys.flags, 'hash_randomization') != 0: args.append('-R') for opt in sys.warnoptions: args.append('-W' + opt) return args def call(*popenargs, **kwargs): """Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete, then return the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: retcode = call(["ls", "-l"]) """ return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait() def check_call(*popenargs, **kwargs): """Run command with arguments. Wait for command to complete. If the exit code was zero then return, otherwise raise CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: check_call(["ls", "-l"]) """ retcode = call(*popenargs, **kwargs) if retcode: cmd = kwargs.get("args") if cmd is None: cmd = popenargs[0] raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd) return 0 def check_output(*popenargs, **kwargs): r"""Run command with arguments and return its output as a byte string. If the exit code was non-zero it raises a CalledProcessError. The CalledProcessError object will have the return code in the returncode attribute and output in the output attribute. The arguments are the same as for the Popen constructor. Example: >>> check_output(["ls", "-l", "/dev/null"]) 'crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 Oct 18 2007 /dev/null\n' The stdout argument is not allowed as it is used internally. To capture standard error in the result, use stderr=STDOUT. >>> check_output(["/bin/sh", "-c", ... "ls -l non_existent_file ; exit 0"], ... stderr=STDOUT) 'ls: non_existent_file: No such file or directory\n' """ if 'stdout' in kwargs: raise ValueError('stdout argument not allowed, it will be overridden.') process = Popen(stdout=PIPE, *popenargs, **kwargs) output, unused_err = process.communicate() retcode = process.poll() if retcode: cmd = kwargs.get("args") if cmd is None: cmd = popenargs[0] raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd, output=output) return output def list2cmdline(seq): """ Translate a sequence of arguments into a command line string, using the same rules as the MS C runtime: 1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a space or a tab. 2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an argument. 3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is interpreted as a literal double quotation mark. 4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they immediately precede a double quotation mark. 5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark, every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal backslash. If the number of backslashes is odd, the last backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as described in rule 3. """ # See # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft.aspx # or search http://msdn.microsoft.com for # "Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments" result = [] needquote = False for arg in seq: bs_buf = [] # Add a space to separate this argument from the others if result: result.append(' ') needquote = (" " in arg) or ("\t" in arg) or not arg if needquote: result.append('"') for c in arg: if c == '\\': # Don't know if we need to double yet. bs_buf.append(c) elif c == '"': # Double backslashes. result.append('\\' * len(bs_buf)*2) bs_buf = [] result.append('\\"') else: # Normal char if bs_buf: result.extend(bs_buf) bs_buf = [] result.append(c) # Add remaining backslashes, if any. if bs_buf: result.extend(bs_buf) if needquote: result.extend(bs_buf) result.append('"') return ''.join(result) class Popen(object): """ Execute a child program in a new process. For a complete description of the arguments see the Python documentation. Arguments: args: A string, or a sequence of program arguments. bufsize: supplied as the buffering argument to the open() function when creating the stdin/stdout/stderr pipe file objects executable: A replacement program to execute. stdin, stdout and stderr: These specify the executed programs' standard input, standard output and standard error file handles, respectively. preexec_fn: (POSIX only) An object to be called in the child process just before the child is executed. close_fds: Controls closing or inheriting of file descriptors. shell: If true, the command will be executed through the shell. cwd: Sets the current directory before the child is executed. env: Defines the environment variables for the new process. universal_newlines: If true, use universal line endings for file objects stdin, stdout and stderr. startupinfo and creationflags (Windows only) Attributes: stdin, stdout, stderr, pid, returncode """ _child_created = False # Set here since __del__ checks it def __init__(self, args, bufsize=0, executable=None, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, preexec_fn=None, close_fds=False, shell=False, cwd=None, env=None, universal_newlines=False, startupinfo=None, creationflags=0): """Create new Popen instance.""" _cleanup() if not isinstance(bufsize, (int, long)): raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer") if mswindows: if preexec_fn is not None: raise ValueError("preexec_fn is not supported on Windows " "platforms") if close_fds and (stdin is not None or stdout is not None or stderr is not None): raise ValueError("close_fds is not supported on Windows " "platforms if you redirect stdin/stdout/stderr") else: # POSIX if startupinfo is not None: raise ValueError("startupinfo is only supported on Windows " "platforms") if creationflags != 0: raise ValueError("creationflags is only supported on Windows " "platforms") self.stdin = None self.stdout = None self.stderr = None self.pid = None self.returncode = None self.universal_newlines = universal_newlines # Input and output objects. The general principle is like # this: # # Parent Child # ------ ----- # p2cwrite ---stdin---> p2cread # c2pread <--stdout--- c2pwrite # errread <--stderr--- errwrite # # On POSIX, the child objects are file descriptors. On # Windows, these are Windows file handles. The parent objects # are file descriptors on both platforms. The parent objects # are None when not using PIPEs. The child objects are None # when not redirecting. (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite), to_close = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr) try: self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, cwd, env, universal_newlines, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, to_close, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite) except Exception: # Preserve original exception in case os.close raises. exc_type, exc_value, exc_trace = sys.exc_info() for fd in to_close: try: if mswindows: fd.Close() else: os.close(fd) except EnvironmentError: pass raise exc_type, exc_value, exc_trace if mswindows: if p2cwrite is not None: p2cwrite = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(p2cwrite.Detach(), 0) if c2pread is not None: c2pread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(c2pread.Detach(), 0) if errread is not None: errread = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(errread.Detach(), 0) if p2cwrite is not None: self.stdin = os.fdopen(p2cwrite, 'wb', bufsize) if c2pread is not None: if universal_newlines: self.stdout = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'rU', bufsize) else: self.stdout = os.fdopen(c2pread, 'rb', bufsize) if errread is not None: if universal_newlines: self.stderr = os.fdopen(errread, 'rU', bufsize) else: self.stderr = os.fdopen(errread, 'rb', bufsize) def _translate_newlines(self, data): data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n") data = data.replace("\r", "\n") return data def __del__(self, _maxint=sys.maxint): # If __init__ hasn't had a chance to execute (e.g. if it # was passed an undeclared keyword argument), we don't # have a _child_created attribute at all. if not self._child_created: # We didn't get to successfully create a child process. return # In case the child hasn't been waited on, check if it's done. self._internal_poll(_deadstate=_maxint) if self.returncode is None and _active is not None: # Child is still running, keep us alive until we can wait on it. _active.append(self) def communicate(self, input=None): """Interact with process: Send data to stdin. Read data from stdout and stderr, until end-of-file is reached. Wait for process to terminate. The optional input argument should be a string to be sent to the child process, or None, if no data should be sent to the child. communicate() returns a tuple (stdout, stderr).""" # Optimization: If we are only using one pipe, or no pipe at # all, using select() or threads is unnecessary. if [self.stdin, self.stdout, self.stderr].count(None) >= 2: stdout = None stderr = None if self.stdin: if input: try: self.stdin.write(input) except IOError as e: if e.errno != errno.EPIPE and e.errno != errno.EINVAL: raise self.stdin.close() elif self.stdout: stdout = _eintr_retry_call(self.stdout.read) self.stdout.close() elif self.stderr: stderr = _eintr_retry_call(self.stderr.read) self.stderr.close() self.wait() return (stdout, stderr) return self._communicate(input) def poll(self): """Check if child process has terminated. Set and return returncode attribute.""" return self._internal_poll() if mswindows: # # Windows methods # def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr): """Construct and return tuple with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite """ to_close = set() if stdin is None and stdout is None and stderr is None: return (None, None, None, None, None, None), to_close p2cread, p2cwrite = None, None c2pread, c2pwrite = None, None errread, errwrite = None, None if stdin is None: p2cread = _subprocess.GetStdHandle(_subprocess.STD_INPUT_HANDLE) if p2cread is None: p2cread, _ = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif stdin == PIPE: p2cread, p2cwrite = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif isinstance(stdin, (int, long)): p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin) else: # Assuming file-like object p2cread = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdin.fileno()) p2cread = self._make_inheritable(p2cread) # We just duplicated the handle, it has to be closed at the end to_close.add(p2cread) if stdin == PIPE: to_close.add(p2cwrite) if stdout is None: c2pwrite = _subprocess.GetStdHandle(_subprocess.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) if c2pwrite is None: _, c2pwrite = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif stdout == PIPE: c2pread, c2pwrite = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif isinstance(stdout, (int, long)): c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout) else: # Assuming file-like object c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout.fileno()) c2pwrite = self._make_inheritable(c2pwrite) # We just duplicated the handle, it has to be closed at the end to_close.add(c2pwrite) if stdout == PIPE: to_close.add(c2pread) if stderr is None: errwrite = _subprocess.GetStdHandle(_subprocess.STD_ERROR_HANDLE) if errwrite is None: _, errwrite = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif stderr == PIPE: errread, errwrite = _subprocess.CreatePipe(None, 0) elif stderr == STDOUT: errwrite = c2pwrite elif isinstance(stderr, (int, long)): errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr) else: # Assuming file-like object errwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stderr.fileno()) errwrite = self._make_inheritable(errwrite) # We just duplicated the handle, it has to be closed at the end to_close.add(errwrite) if stderr == PIPE: to_close.add(errread) return (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite), to_close def _make_inheritable(self, handle): """Return a duplicate of handle, which is inheritable""" return _subprocess.DuplicateHandle(_subprocess.GetCurrentProcess(), handle, _subprocess.GetCurrentProcess(), 0, 1, _subprocess.DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS) def _find_w9xpopen(self): """Find and return absolut path to w9xpopen.exe""" w9xpopen = os.path.join( os.path.dirname(_subprocess.GetModuleFileName(0)), "w9xpopen.exe") if not os.path.exists(w9xpopen): # Eeek - file-not-found - possibly an embedding # situation - see if we can locate it in sys.exec_prefix w9xpopen = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.exec_prefix), "w9xpopen.exe") if not os.path.exists(w9xpopen): raise RuntimeError("Cannot locate w9xpopen.exe, which is " "needed for Popen to work with your " "shell or platform.") return w9xpopen def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, cwd, env, universal_newlines, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, to_close, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite): """Execute program (MS Windows version)""" if not isinstance(args, types.StringTypes): args = list2cmdline(args) # Process startup details if startupinfo is None: startupinfo = STARTUPINFO() if None not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite): startupinfo.dwFlags |= _subprocess.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite if shell: startupinfo.dwFlags |= _subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW startupinfo.wShowWindow = _subprocess.SW_HIDE comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe") args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args) if (_subprocess.GetVersion() >= 0x80000000 or os.path.basename(comspec).lower() == "command.com"): # Win9x, or using command.com on NT. We need to # use the w9xpopen intermediate program. For more # information, see KB Q150956 # (http://web.archive.org/web/20011105084002/http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q150/9/56.asp) w9xpopen = self._find_w9xpopen() args = '"%s" %s' % (w9xpopen, args) # Not passing CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE has been known to # cause random failures on win9x. Specifically a # dialog: "Your program accessed mem currently in # use at xxx" and a hopeful warning about the # stability of your system. Cost is Ctrl+C wont # kill children. creationflags |= _subprocess.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE def _close_in_parent(fd): fd.Close() to_close.remove(fd) # Start the process try: hp, ht, pid, tid = _subprocess.CreateProcess(executable, args, # no special security None, None, int(not close_fds), creationflags, env, cwd, startupinfo) except pywintypes.error, e: # Translate pywintypes.error to WindowsError, which is # a subclass of OSError. FIXME: We should really # translate errno using _sys_errlist (or similar), but # how can this be done from Python? raise WindowsError(*e.args) finally: # Child is launched. Close the parent's copy of those pipe # handles that only the child should have open. You need # to make sure that no handles to the write end of the # output pipe are maintained in this process or else the # pipe will not close when the child process exits and the # ReadFile will hang. if p2cread is not None: _close_in_parent(p2cread) if c2pwrite is not None: _close_in_parent(c2pwrite) if errwrite is not None: _close_in_parent(errwrite) # Retain the process handle, but close the thread handle self._child_created = True self._handle = hp self.pid = pid ht.Close() def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None, _WaitForSingleObject=_subprocess.WaitForSingleObject, _WAIT_OBJECT_0=_subprocess.WAIT_OBJECT_0, _GetExitCodeProcess=_subprocess.GetExitCodeProcess): """Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute. This method is called by __del__, so it can only refer to objects in its local scope. """ if self.returncode is None: if _WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, 0) == _WAIT_OBJECT_0: self.returncode = _GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) return self.returncode def wait(self): """Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.""" if self.returncode is None: _subprocess.WaitForSingleObject(self._handle, _subprocess.INFINITE) self.returncode = _subprocess.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) return self.returncode def _readerthread(self, fh, buffer): buffer.append(fh.read()) def _communicate(self, input): stdout = None # Return stderr = None # Return if self.stdout: stdout = [] stdout_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stdout, stdout)) stdout_thread.setDaemon(True) stdout_thread.start() if self.stderr: stderr = [] stderr_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._readerthread, args=(self.stderr, stderr)) stderr_thread.setDaemon(True) stderr_thread.start() if self.stdin: if input is not None: try: self.stdin.write(input) except IOError as e: if e.errno == errno.EPIPE: # communicate() should ignore broken pipe error pass elif e.errno == errno.EINVAL: # bpo-19612, bpo-30418: On Windows, stdin.write() # fails with EINVAL if the child process exited or # if the child process is still running but closed # the pipe. pass else: raise self.stdin.close() if self.stdout: stdout_thread.join() if self.stderr: stderr_thread.join() # All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings. if stdout is not None: stdout = stdout[0] if stderr is not None: stderr = stderr[0] # Translate newlines, if requested. We cannot let the file # object do the translation: It is based on stdio, which is # impossible to combine with select (unless forcing no # buffering). if self.universal_newlines and hasattr(file, 'newlines'): if stdout: stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout) if stderr: stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr) self.wait() return (stdout, stderr) def send_signal(self, sig): """Send a signal to the process """ if sig == signal.SIGTERM: self.terminate() elif sig == signal.CTRL_C_EVENT: os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_C_EVENT) elif sig == signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT: os.kill(self.pid, signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT) else: raise ValueError("Unsupported signal: {}".format(sig)) def terminate(self): """Terminates the process """ try: _subprocess.TerminateProcess(self._handle, 1) except OSError as e: # ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED (winerror 5) is received when the # process already died. if e.winerror != 5: raise rc = _subprocess.GetExitCodeProcess(self._handle) if rc == _subprocess.STILL_ACTIVE: raise self.returncode = rc kill = terminate else: # # POSIX methods # def _get_handles(self, stdin, stdout, stderr): """Construct and return tuple with IO objects: p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite """ to_close = set() p2cread, p2cwrite = None, None c2pread, c2pwrite = None, None errread, errwrite = None, None if stdin is None: pass elif stdin == PIPE: p2cread, p2cwrite = self.pipe_cloexec() to_close.update((p2cread, p2cwrite)) elif isinstance(stdin, (int, long)): p2cread = stdin else: # Assuming file-like object p2cread = stdin.fileno() if stdout is None: pass elif stdout == PIPE: c2pread, c2pwrite = self.pipe_cloexec() to_close.update((c2pread, c2pwrite)) elif isinstance(stdout, (int, long)): c2pwrite = stdout else: # Assuming file-like object c2pwrite = stdout.fileno() if stderr is None: pass elif stderr == PIPE: errread, errwrite = self.pipe_cloexec() to_close.update((errread, errwrite)) elif stderr == STDOUT: if c2pwrite is not None: errwrite = c2pwrite else: # child's stdout is not set, use parent's stdout errwrite = sys.__stdout__.fileno() elif isinstance(stderr, (int, long)): errwrite = stderr else: # Assuming file-like object errwrite = stderr.fileno() return (p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite), to_close def _set_cloexec_flag(self, fd, cloexec=True): try: cloexec_flag = fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC except AttributeError: cloexec_flag = 1 old = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFD) if cloexec: fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFD, old | cloexec_flag) else: fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFD, old & ~cloexec_flag) def pipe_cloexec(self): """Create a pipe with FDs set CLOEXEC.""" # Pipes' FDs are set CLOEXEC by default because we don't want them # to be inherited by other subprocesses: the CLOEXEC flag is removed # from the child's FDs by _dup2(), between fork() and exec(). # This is not atomic: we would need the pipe2() syscall for that. r, w = os.pipe() self._set_cloexec_flag(r) self._set_cloexec_flag(w) return r, w def _close_fds(self, but): if hasattr(os, 'closerange'): os.closerange(3, but) os.closerange(but + 1, MAXFD) else: for i in xrange(3, MAXFD): if i == but: continue try: os.close(i) except: pass # Used as a bandaid workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue27448 # to prevent multiple simultaneous subprocess launches from interfering # with one another and leaving gc disabled. if threading: _disabling_gc_lock = threading.Lock() else: class _noop_context_manager(object): # A dummy context manager that does nothing for the rare # user of a --without-threads build. def __enter__(self): pass def __exit__(self, *args): pass _disabling_gc_lock = _noop_context_manager() def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds, cwd, env, universal_newlines, startupinfo, creationflags, shell, to_close, p2cread, p2cwrite, c2pread, c2pwrite, errread, errwrite): """Execute program (POSIX version)""" if isinstance(args, types.StringTypes): args = [args] else: args = list(args) if shell: args = ["/bin/sh", "-c"] + args if executable: args[0] = executable if executable is None: executable = args[0] def _close_in_parent(fd): os.close(fd) to_close.remove(fd) # For transferring possible exec failure from child to parent # The first char specifies the exception type: 0 means # OSError, 1 means some other error. errpipe_read, errpipe_write = self.pipe_cloexec() try: try: with self._disabling_gc_lock: gc_was_enabled = gc.isenabled() # Disable gc to avoid bug where gc -> file_dealloc -> # write to stderr -> hang. # https://bugs.python.org/issue1336 gc.disable() try: self.pid = os.fork() except: if gc_was_enabled: gc.enable() raise self._child_created = True if self.pid == 0: # Child try: # Close parent's pipe ends if p2cwrite is not None: os.close(p2cwrite) if c2pread is not None: os.close(c2pread) if errread is not None: os.close(errread) os.close(errpipe_read) # When duping fds, if there arises a situation # where one of the fds is either 0, 1 or 2, it # is possible that it is overwritten (#12607). if c2pwrite == 0: c2pwrite = os.dup(c2pwrite) if errwrite == 0 or errwrite == 1: errwrite = os.dup(errwrite) # Dup fds for child def _dup2(a, b): # dup2() removes the CLOEXEC flag but # we must do it ourselves if dup2() # would be a no-op (issue #10806). if a == b: self._set_cloexec_flag(a, False) elif a is not None: os.dup2(a, b) _dup2(p2cread, 0) _dup2(c2pwrite, 1) _dup2(errwrite, 2) # Close pipe fds. Make sure we don't close the # same fd more than once, or standard fds. closed = { None } for fd in [p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite]: if fd not in closed and fd > 2: os.close(fd) closed.add(fd) if cwd is not None: os.chdir(cwd) if preexec_fn: preexec_fn() # Close all other fds, if asked for - after # preexec_fn(), which may open FDs. if close_fds: self._close_fds(but=errpipe_write) if env is None: os.execvp(executable, args) else: os.execvpe(executable, args, env) except: exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info() # Save the traceback and attach it to the exception object exc_lines = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, tb) exc_value.child_traceback = ''.join(exc_lines) os.write(errpipe_write, pickle.dumps(exc_value)) finally: # This exitcode won't be reported to applications, so it # really doesn't matter what we return. os._exit(255) # Parent if gc_was_enabled: gc.enable() finally: # be sure the FD is closed no matter what os.close(errpipe_write) # Wait for exec to fail or succeed; possibly raising exception data = _eintr_retry_call(os.read, errpipe_read, 1048576) pickle_bits = [] while data: pickle_bits.append(data) data = _eintr_retry_call(os.read, errpipe_read, 1048576) data = "".join(pickle_bits) finally: if p2cread is not None and p2cwrite is not None: _close_in_parent(p2cread) if c2pwrite is not None and c2pread is not None: _close_in_parent(c2pwrite) if errwrite is not None and errread is not None: _close_in_parent(errwrite) # be sure the FD is closed no matter what os.close(errpipe_read) if data != "": try: _eintr_retry_call(os.waitpid, self.pid, 0) except OSError as e: if e.errno != errno.ECHILD: raise child_exception = pickle.loads(data) raise child_exception def _handle_exitstatus(self, sts, _WIFSIGNALED=os.WIFSIGNALED, _WTERMSIG=os.WTERMSIG, _WIFEXITED=os.WIFEXITED, _WEXITSTATUS=os.WEXITSTATUS, _WIFSTOPPED=os.WIFSTOPPED, _WSTOPSIG=os.WSTOPSIG): # This method is called (indirectly) by __del__, so it cannot # refer to anything outside of its local scope. if _WIFSIGNALED(sts): self.returncode = -_WTERMSIG(sts) elif _WIFEXITED(sts): self.returncode = _WEXITSTATUS(sts) elif _WIFSTOPPED(sts): self.returncode = -_WSTOPSIG(sts) else: # Should never happen raise RuntimeError("Unknown child exit status!") def _internal_poll(self, _deadstate=None, _waitpid=os.waitpid, _WNOHANG=os.WNOHANG, _os_error=os.error, _ECHILD=errno.ECHILD): """Check if child process has terminated. Returns returncode attribute. This method is called by __del__, so it cannot reference anything outside of the local scope (nor can any methods it calls). """ if self.returncode is None: try: pid, sts = _waitpid(self.pid, _WNOHANG) if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) except _os_error as e: if _deadstate is not None: self.returncode = _deadstate if e.errno == _ECHILD: # This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or # waiting for child processes has otherwise been # disabled for our process. This child is dead, we # can't get the status. # http://bugs.python.org/issue15756 self.returncode = 0 return self.returncode def wait(self): """Wait for child process to terminate. Returns returncode attribute.""" while self.returncode is None: try: pid, sts = _eintr_retry_call(os.waitpid, self.pid, 0) except OSError as e: if e.errno != errno.ECHILD: raise # This happens if SIGCLD is set to be ignored or waiting # for child processes has otherwise been disabled for our # process. This child is dead, we can't get the status. pid = self.pid sts = 0 # Check the pid and loop as waitpid has been known to return # 0 even without WNOHANG in odd situations. issue14396. if pid == self.pid: self._handle_exitstatus(sts) return self.returncode def _communicate(self, input): if self.stdin: # Flush stdio buffer. This might block, if the user has # been writing to .stdin in an uncontrolled fashion. self.stdin.flush() if not input: self.stdin.close() if _has_poll: stdout, stderr = self._communicate_with_poll(input) else: stdout, stderr = self._communicate_with_select(input) # All data exchanged. Translate lists into strings. if stdout is not None: stdout = ''.join(stdout) if stderr is not None: stderr = ''.join(stderr) # Translate newlines, if requested. We cannot let the file # object do the translation: It is based on stdio, which is # impossible to combine with select (unless forcing no # buffering). if self.universal_newlines and hasattr(file, 'newlines'): if stdout: stdout = self._translate_newlines(stdout) if stderr: stderr = self._translate_newlines(stderr) self.wait() return (stdout, stderr) def _communicate_with_poll(self, input): stdout = None # Return stderr = None # Return fd2file = {} fd2output = {} poller = select.poll() def register_and_append(file_obj, eventmask): poller.register(file_obj.fileno(), eventmask) fd2file[file_obj.fileno()] = file_obj def close_unregister_and_remove(fd): poller.unregister(fd) fd2file[fd].close() fd2file.pop(fd) if self.stdin and input: register_and_append(self.stdin, select.POLLOUT) select_POLLIN_POLLPRI = select.POLLIN | select.POLLPRI if self.stdout: register_and_append(self.stdout, select_POLLIN_POLLPRI) fd2output[self.stdout.fileno()] = stdout = [] if self.stderr: register_and_append(self.stderr, select_POLLIN_POLLPRI) fd2output[self.stderr.fileno()] = stderr = [] input_offset = 0 while fd2file: try: ready = poller.poll() except select.error, e: if e.args[0] == errno.EINTR: continue raise for fd, mode in ready: if mode & select.POLLOUT: chunk = input[input_offset : input_offset + _PIPE_BUF] try: input_offset += os.write(fd, chunk) except OSError as e: if e.errno == errno.EPIPE: close_unregister_and_remove(fd) else: raise else: if input_offset >= len(input): close_unregister_and_remove(fd) elif mode & select_POLLIN_POLLPRI: data = os.read(fd, 4096) if not data: close_unregister_and_remove(fd) fd2output[fd].append(data) else: # Ignore hang up or errors. close_unregister_and_remove(fd) return (stdout, stderr) def _communicate_with_select(self, input): read_set = [] write_set = [] stdout = None # Return stderr = None # Return if self.stdin and input: write_set.append(self.stdin) if self.stdout: read_set.append(self.stdout) stdout = [] if self.stderr: read_set.append(self.stderr) stderr = [] input_offset = 0 while read_set or write_set: try: rlist, wlist, xlist = select.select(read_set, write_set, []) except select.error, e: if e.args[0] == errno.EINTR: continue raise if self.stdin in wlist: chunk = input[input_offset : input_offset + _PIPE_BUF] try: bytes_written = os.write(self.stdin.fileno(), chunk) except OSError as e: if e.errno == errno.EPIPE: self.stdin.close() write_set.remove(self.stdin) else: raise else: input_offset += bytes_written if input_offset >= len(input): self.stdin.close() write_set.remove(self.stdin) if self.stdout in rlist: data = os.read(self.stdout.fileno(), 1024) if data == "": self.stdout.close() read_set.remove(self.stdout) stdout.append(data) if self.stderr in rlist: data = os.read(self.stderr.fileno(), 1024) if data == "": self.stderr.close() read_set.remove(self.stderr) stderr.append(data) return (stdout, stderr) def send_signal(self, sig): """Send a signal to the process """ os.kill(self.pid, sig) def terminate(self): """Terminate the process with SIGTERM """ self.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM) def kill(self): """Kill the process with SIGKILL """ self.send_signal(signal.SIGKILL) def _demo_posix(): # # Example 1: Simple redirection: Get process list # plist = Popen(["ps"], stdout=PIPE).communicate()[0] print "Process list:" print plist # # Example 2: Change uid before executing child # if os.getuid() == 0: p = Popen(["id"], preexec_fn=lambda: os.setuid(100)) p.wait() # # Example 3: Connecting several subprocesses # print "Looking for 'hda'..." p1 = Popen(["dmesg"], stdout=PIPE) p2 = Popen(["grep", "hda"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE) print repr(p2.communicate()[0]) # # Example 4: Catch execution error # print print "Trying a weird file..." try: print Popen(["/this/path/does/not/exist"]).communicate() except OSError, e: if e.errno == errno.ENOENT: print "The file didn't exist. I thought so..." print "Child traceback:" print e.child_traceback else: print "Error", e.errno else: print >>sys.stderr, "Gosh. No error." def _demo_windows(): # # Example 1: Connecting several subprocesses # print "Looking for 'PROMPT' in set output..." p1 = Popen("set", stdout=PIPE, shell=True) p2 = Popen('find "PROMPT"', stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE) print repr(p2.communicate()[0]) # # Example 2: Simple execution of program # print "Executing calc..." p = Popen("calc") p.wait() if __name__ == "__main__": if mswindows: _demo_windows() else: _demo_posix()